How to Read the USDA National Hemp Report — Floral, Grain, Fiber and Seed Hemp, Utilized Production and Median Prices

As of 5 November 2026, 00:16 KST (retrieved by this page at that time); most recently published report: the National Hemp Report released April 16, 2026 by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), covering the 2025 crop. NASS lists the report as annual; its 2026 release-date list shows April 16, 2026 only, and the cited pages give no date for the next report. Primary source: https://esmis.nal.usda.gov/sites/default/release-files/795862/hempan26.txt^[1][2][3]

Comparison basis: values are in thousands of dollars, production in thousands of pounds and area in acres, as published; the report's text rounds them (for example, $739 million for 739,025 thousand dollars) and its percent changes are whole numbers. Calculated percentage changes are this page's, rounded half up to one decimal from the table values. Hemp grown under protection is reported separately from hemp grown in the open, with its area in square feet.^[1]

In three lines

1. The NASS hemp report counts how much industrial hemp was planted, harvested, produced and utilized in the United States (utilized production is the amount sold, used at home to make processed items, or held in storage), split by use: floral, grain, fiber and seed in the open, plus hemp under protection.
2. In 2025 the value of hemp production in the open and under protection was $739 million, up 64 percent from 2024.
3. Floral hemp in the open: total production was 33.2 million pounds, and the $574 million value is for its utilized production of 29.7 million pounds (29,744 thousand).^[1]

Who is counted. "The Hemp Production, Disposition and Income Survey collects information on the acreage, yield, production, price, and value of hemp in the United States." "The survey is conducted in all 50 states and is a census of all known hemp growing operations." Data were collected from February to March 2026 for the 2025 crop year, and "Information obtained from the Hemp Production and Disposition Inquiry along with federal administrative data is used to establish estimates of acres, yield, total production, utilized production, price, and value."^[1][2]

Reliability and revisions. Because the survey is a census rather than a sample, the report does not print sampling errors; it says results are subject to non-sampling errors such as omission, duplication, imputation for missing data and reporting mistakes, and: "These errors cannot be measured directly but are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness." On revisions: "All hemp estimates are subject to revision the following year based on a thorough review of all available data." This page uses the 2024 values as printed in the 2026 report; some of them differ from the 2025 report, which printed a 2024 total value of 445,348 thousand dollars against 449,573 in the 2026 report, and a 2024 value in the open of 416,665 against 420,890. The largest change is fiber hemp in the open: its 2024 value was 11,235 thousand dollars in the 2025 report and 15,460 in the 2026 report (area harvested 18,855 and 19,016 acres, price $0.19 and $0.26 per pound). That fiber change, 4,225 thousand dollars, equals the change in the 2024 value in the open (this page's calculation). The 2026 report's "down 13 percent" for fiber value is measured against the revised 15,460, not the 11,235 first printed. The definitions and methodology text of the two reports read the same.^[1][4]

Definitions that change the numbers. Utilized production is the amount sold, used at home for processed items, or held in storage: "It is the difference between total production and harvested not sold." "Hemp destroyed due to high levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is not considered harvested." "Floral hemp includes smokable hemp." Floral hemp is hemp used to extract essential oils such as cannabidiol (CBD) from plant resin.^[1]

Withheld cells. (D) marks values withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations, and the "Other States" row includes data withheld above, so state rows do not add to the U.S. total on their own. Grain hemp is published for seven multi-state regions rather than states.^[1]

Parts vs the total value. In the open, floral (574,481), grain (8,092), fiber (13,453) and seed (49,727) add to 645,753 thousand dollars; under protection, clones or transplants (1,966), floral (81,552) and seed (9,754) add to 93,272; together they make the published 739,025 (this page's sums, which match the published totals exactly).^[1]

Harvested area by use vs total harvested area. Area harvested in the open for floral (16,880 acres), grain (7,515), fiber (21,693) and seed (3,537) adds to 49,625 acres in this page's sum, 5,918 more than the 43,707 acres published for all purposes. The cited report does not explain the difference, so this page does not add the utilization areas to get a total.^[1]

Total vs utilized production. Floral hemp in the open totaled 33,179 thousand pounds, of which 29,744 thousand were utilized and 3,435 thousand harvested not sold, 10.4% of the total in this page's calculation. For extracted floral hemp, 2,244 of 9,487 thousand pounds were harvested not sold (23.7%, this page's calculation). Value is computed on utilized production only.^[1]

Price vs value. The implied value per unit for floral hemp in the open (value ÷ utilized production) is $19.31 per pound in this page's calculation, against a published price of $19.30; the published value need not exactly reproduce price × quantity because the price is rounded.^[1]

Adopted estimates vs survey medians. There is a large gap between the adopted estimates and the survey medians: for floral hemp in the open, the 2025 price per pound adopted by the Agricultural Statistics Board was $19.30 against a median of $80.90, and the yield 1,966 against a median of 400 pounds per acre. NASS presents the medians as a comparison to show the variability of the data collected: "Agricultural Statistics Board adopted yield and price estimates from the previous tables are included for comparison." "The purpose of these data is to demonstrate the variability of the collected data since the median represents the weighted mid-point and is less influenced by outliers."^[1]

In the open vs under protection. Floral hemp under protection sold at $487.00 per pound in 2025, against $19.30 in the open, but the under-protection total production was 168,285 pounds, against a total production of 33.2 million pounds in the open; the two are reported in different units (pounds vs thousands of pounds) and in separate tables.^[1]